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Targeted gene inactivation in Clostridium phytofermentans shows that cellulose degradation requires the family 9 hydrolase Cphy3367

机译:破伤风梭菌中的靶向基因失活表明纤维素降解需要家族9水解酶Cphy3367

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摘要

Microbial cellulose degradation is a central part of the global carbon cycle and has great potential for the development of inexpensive, carbon-neutral biofuels from non-food crops. Clostridium phytofermentans has a repertoire of 108 putative glycoside hydrolases to break down cellulose and hemicellulose into sugars, which this organism then ferments primarily to ethanol. An understanding of cellulose degradation at the molecular level requires learning the different roles of these hydrolases. In this study, we show that interspecific conjugation with Escherichia coli can be used to transfer a plasmid into C. phytofermentans that has a resistance marker, an origin of replication that can be selectively lost, and a designed group II intron for efficient, targeted chromosomal insertions without selection. We applied these methods to disrupt the cphy3367 gene, which encodes the sole family 9 glycoside hydrolase (GH9) in the C. phytofermentans genome. The GH9-deficient strain grew normally on some carbon sources such as glucose, but had lost the ability to degrade cellulose. Although C. phytofermentans upregulates the expression of numerous enzymes to break down cellulose, this process thus relies upon a single, key hydrolase, Cphy3367.
机译:微生物纤维素的降解是全球碳循环的核心部分,对于从非粮食作物开发廉价的,碳中和的生物燃料具有巨大的潜力。植物发酵乳杆菌(Clostridium phytofermentans)具有108种推定的糖苷水解酶的功能表,可将纤维素和半纤维素分解为糖,然后这种生物首先将其发酵为乙醇。在分子水平上了解纤维素降解需要了解这些水解酶的不同作用。在这项研究中,我们表明,与大肠杆菌的种间结合可用于将质粒转移至具有抗性标记,可选择性丢失的复制起点和有效高效靶向染色体的II组内含子的C. phytofermentans中。没有选择的插入。我们应用这些方法来破坏cphy3367基因,该基因编码C. phytofermentans基因组中唯一的家族9糖苷水解酶(GH9)。缺乏GH9的菌株通常在某些碳源(例如葡萄糖)上生长,但丧失了降解纤维素的能力。尽管植物发酵假单胞菌上调了许多酶的表达以分解纤维素,但该过程因此依赖于单一的关键水解酶Cphy3367。

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